Contrary to popular belief, the federal government cannot directly legislate open container laws; states can. However, the federal government can create incentives for states to make such laws of their own, according to the Connecticut Assembly's OLR Research Report. California stands as one of 43 U.S states that outlaws the possession of an alcoholic beverage container, that has been opened or has a broken seal, while driving a vehicle.
In 1998, the federal government enacted the Transportation Equity Act for the 21st Century (TEA-21) Restoration Act, which sets guidelines for states to follow in order to receive roadway funding. Because state governments want to receive the maximum amount of roadway funding possible, drunk living laws and open container violations were passed because the funding served as an incentive.

